Topical headings of questions, recommended literature
Chemical nomenclature
- Nomenclature of binary compounds, nomenclature of oxygenic acids and their salts, nomenclature of hydroxides, nomenclature of coordination compounds.
- Nomenclature of hydrocarbons: alkanes, alkenes, dienes, alkynes, alicyclic hydrocarbons, arenes.
- Nomenclature of derivatives of hydrocarbons: halide derivatives, nitro derivatives, sulfonic acids, amines and diamines, alcohols and phenols, ethers, carbonyl derivatives, monocarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids, aromatic acids, halo carboxylic acids, oxo acids, hydroxy acids, amino acids, salts of organic acids, esters, chlorides of organic acids, anhydrides of organic acids, amides of organic acids, het.Erocyclic compounds, polymerized plastics, carbohydrates, lipids nomenclature of hydrocarbon residues;nomenclature of characteristic functional groups.
Fundamentals of inorganic chemistry
- Composition and structure of atoms, development of views on the structure of the atom;fundamentals of quantum theory;quantum numbers, atomic orbitals, periodic table of elements, nuclides and isotopes. Chemical bonding. Covalent bonding, ionic bonding, coordination bonding
- Chemical agency. Basic concepts and stoichiometry of the chemical process, writing chemical equations, chemical equilibrium, solutions;mechanism of protolytic reactions, ionic product of water, pH and hydrolysis of salts, oxidation-reduction reactions, mechanism of exclusion reactions, solubility product, chemical combining, double substitution, substitution, transmutation.
- Periodic system of elements - basic general properties of elements, chemical properties of elements and their compounds. Hydrogen, noble gases, halogens, chalcogens, group V.A elements, group IV.A elements, boron and aluminium, group II.A elements (magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium), group I.A elements (sodium, potassium), transition elements (chromium, molybdenum, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, zinc, cadmium, mercury).
Fundamentals of organic chemistry
- Chemical properties and basic chemical reactions of organic compounds. Carbon binding properties of organic compounds, structure and isomerism of organic compounds, homolytic reactions, heterolytic reactions, addition reactions, substitution reactions.
- Hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes, dienes, alkynes, arenes). Derivatives of hydrocarbons (halide derivatives, nitro derivatives). Sulphonic acids, amines, alcohols and phenols, aldehydes and ketones, organic acids, substituted organic acids. Heterocyclic compounds with five and six cycles and their important derivatives.
- Basic types of plastics formed by polymerisation.
- Basic types of bioorganic substances (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids).
Recommended literature for exam preparation:
- Textbook of Chemistry for four-year grammar schools, I., II. and III. volumes (various editions)
- Jiří Vacík et al.: Overview of high school chemistry. SPN-pedagogical publishing house a.s., Prague 1996
- L. Kosina, V. Šrámek. ALBRA 1995.
- J. Blažek: Contemporary chemical names. SPN Praha, 1982,1985.
